Who speaks and it comes to pass when the lord has not commanded.
Direct and indirect speech:-
تذكر ان:-
للتحويل من مباشر الى غير مباشر يلزم الاتى:-
1) حذف الاقواس و وضع الرابط الذى يتحدد حسب نوع الجمله: ان كانت أمريه نربط بto وأمريه منفيه نربط بnot to واذا كانت خبريه نربط بthat واذا كانت سؤال بعلامة استفهام نربط بنفس العلامه واذا كان السؤال مبدوء بفعل مساعد أو ناقص نربط بif
2) نحول الازمنه الى الأقدم فمثلاًَ المضارع البسيط يتحول الى ماضى بسيط والماضى البسيط الى ماضى تام.....وهكذا.
3) عند تحويل السؤال بعد اداة الاستفهام تحول الى جمله خبريه و اذا كانت تحتوى علىdo – does – did تحذف .
4) مراعاة تغيير الضمائر.
EXCERCISES:-
(1) Correct:-
1 Noha asked me why was Hany shouting.
2 Salwa asked Maher is the bag was his.
3 Ramy asked Mai that she was free on Sunday.
4 My father asked me where do I go the day before.
5 The teacher said to if we could hear him.
6 Dalia told Ahmed if she hoped they wouldn't get lost.
7 Hany asked me that he was tired.
8 Dad told me to not play in the street.
9 Mum told Heba don't play with matches.
10 I asked Ali how old was he.
(2) Change into indirect:-
1 Their mother said to them "Where have you been that long?
2 I said to my brother "Don't forget that we need to buy a present for Mum's day"
3 Tom asked the tour guide "Why did Snefrue build his tomb in Dahshure?
4 Someone on the train asked me "Is the bag on the shelf yours?"
5 Nadia asked Magda "Have you bought your sister a present for her birthday?"
6 My uncle said to us "I must go. It's too late."
7 My friend Heba said "I am very happy because I will travel to Italy."
8 Our leader said to us "Bring your cameras with you because we are going for a trip."
(3) Choose:-
1 Maher asked where Tamer …………. The summer holiday.
(spends – will spend – spending – had spent)
2 I asked him ……………. sure, and he said he was.
(he was – to being – if he was – that he was)
3 Her father told her, time after time, ……………… so many friends, and she apologized.
(don't invite – didn't invite – not to invite – never invite)
4 Mum asked me …………. I would be late at school.
(that – if – where – not to)
5 I told Mum ……………… lunch outside.
(if I had – that – where I – that I had)
6 He …………….me if I would travel next week.
(said – told – asked – wanted)
GENERAL EXCERCISES ON UNIT (10):-
(1) Choose:-
1 I …………..you good luck. (hope – wish)
2 I ………….to leave now. (hope – wish)
3 I …………..I will buy a camera. (hope – wish)
4 I …………..I could buy a car. (hope – wish)
5 She always helps her mother ………….the housework. (on – in – with – by)
6 Thank you ……….your invitation. (to – for –because)
(2) Write a letter to your friend Sameh to invite him to attend your brother's wedding party next Thursday at El Safa hotel in Sohag. The party will start at 8p.m. Your name is Marco and you live in 35 Salah Salem st. Tahta.
Then reply the invitation: You suppose that your friend accepted to
Come.
مراجعة المضارع التام المستمر.
مراجعة المباشر والغير مباشر.
العبارات الموصولهRelative clauses
ضمائر الوصل Relative pronouns
(who – which – when – where – that) وتستخدم للتعريف والاضافه.
EXCERCISES:-
(1) Rewrite:-
1 The team set off at an early hour. (when)
2 That's hospital where my father works. (that)
3 This is the house that my uncle lives in. (where)
4 I helped the man. The man's leg had injured. (whose)
5 Please give me the CD. You borrowed it last night. (which)
6 That's the woman. She owns the house we live in. (who)
7 I had a bad dream yesterday. It made me upset. (what)
8 He invented a lot of inventions. (made)
9 I discovered a lot of things when I grew up. (found)
10 He managed to answer the difficult question. (was able)
11 He managed to answer the difficult question. (succeeded in)
(2) Choose:-
1 That is the place …………… the police found the hidden treasure.
(when – what – where – which)
2 It……………… raining all night yesterday.
(is – has – has been – have been)
3 Can you tell me about the village……………. You were born in?
(where – which – when – whose)
4 The writer………… story has been made into a film is our neighbour.
(who – where – that – whose)
5 Are you ready………… the exam?
(to – for – on –with)
6 They…………….. Rome late yesterday.
(arrived – reached – go – travel)
7 We must take………… our shoes when we pray.
(of – on – off – to)
8 He didn't know the meaning of the word "knight" so he looked…….. it.
(in – after – at – up)
9 The teacher asked us to take…………… some important points in our notebooks.
(up - -down – off – after)
10 Ramadan is the month…………… we fast.
(where – which – when – what)
11 Ramadan is the month…………… we fast in.
(when – where – what – that)
12 After I had had lunch, I…………….
(woke up – get up – washed up – stand up)
13 The art exhibition in our school……………. of drawings and paintings.
(contains – consists – covers – brings)
14 Soha…………… French for 3 years now.
(is learning – was learning – learned – has been learning)
15 When a plane………….., the passengers fasten their seat belts.
(get to – makes of – takes off – take after)
16 They are twins. They both……………… each other.
(take after – take down – take off – take to)
الأسماء التى تعد: - (1) Countable nouns: -
وهى الأسماء التى لها مفرد ولها جمع ونضع قبل صيغة المفرد منها (a – an) ونستخدم معهاfew – many –a lot of – one of – some – any – enough) )
الأسماء التى لا تعد:(2) Uncountable nouns: - وهى الأسماء التى ليس لها مفرد ولا جمع ولا نستطيع عدها ولكنها تعامل معاملة المفرد ولا نضع قبلها (a – an) ونستخدم معها (little – much – a lot/lots of – a piece of some – any – no – enough )
EXCERCISES:-
(1) Choose:-
1 There were too…………. people at meeting. There was no place for anyone else.
(much –many – little – less)
2 I can't go out tonight. I have too…………. homework.
(many – much – few –any)
3 The boy broke a glass, so there is too much…………….. on the floor.
(glasses – a glass – glass – 3 glasses)
4 There is too…………...wood in any wood.
(many – much – few – fewest)
5 I want to write a letter. Please, give me……….. papers.
(any – some – much – less)
6 I can't accept your invitation. I have…………. Free time today.
(too much – too many – any – too few)
7 There are…………..things I'd like to tell you about him.
(much – a little – a few – a lot)
8 Let's hurry to book the tickets. Hany has told me that there aren't………... left.
(much – many – little – some)
9 Yesterday I went to school…………. the bus.
(by – in – on – to)
10 My family and I went to Alex. ………….. a taxi.
(in – by – on – with)
11 I always go to school……….... a car.
(to – in – on – by)
12 There was a traffic…………., so we were late for work.
(movement – police – jam – slow)
13 We walked for a long time…………. the people in the market.
(between – among – in – over)
14 The prep school…………… for 3 years.
(last – lasts – latest – late)
15 (What – How – When – Where) is your height?
(2) Correct:-
1 I feels upset today.
2 They are poor and have a few furniture.
3 How many does the school last in Egypt?
4 I agree for you.
5 In my think Egypt is a very fantastic country.
6 What do you opinion of Cairo?
7 He always travels in the train.
8 I'd rather to have tea.
9 I'd prefer work in a city than in a town.
10 We use iron to iron our clothes.
11 The police is ready to help anyone.
12 There is hair on my shirt.
13 I want an water.
14 I don't want to drink some tea.
15 He has few knowledge about this topic.
تذكر ان:-
1) استخدام-:'s
بعد اسم انسان أو حيوان أو طائر للدلاله على الملكيه فى حالة المفرد.
It's Heba's pen.
تستخدم (' ) مع الاسماء الجمع ولكن نضعها بعد s الجمع.
Cats' eyes are different colors.
لتدل على مكان الاعمال و الوظائف.
I went to butcher's to buy meat yesterday.
تستخدم مع الاسماء المركبه ولكنها توضع بعد الاسم الاخير.
Mohamed Ali's age.
هناك أسماء لا نستخدم معها ( ( 'sونستخدمها فى صيغة كلمات مركبه.
Shopping bag – day dream.
2) التعبير عن التنبؤ و الاحتمالات عن شئ فى المستقبل:-
اذا كان الاحتمال أكيد = %100 نستخدم will .
اذا كان الاحتمال ممكن = %70 نستخدم may " غير متأكد ".
اذا كان الاحتمال ضعيف = 30% نستخدم might.
اذا كان الاحتمال مستحيل " أكيد انه لا يحدث " = 0% نستخدم .won't
EXCERCISES:-
(1) Correct:-
1 I want to go to baker's to make a suit.
2 Our morning's meal consists of eggs and milk.
3 I have much stories than my friend.
4 Nahed has got the fewest money.
5 He travelled abroad yesterday. He will be at school yesterday.
6 The girl's books are better than the boy's books.
7 She went to clothe's shop to buy a dress.
8 Perhaps they will return from Aswan tomorrow.
9 She was ill yesterday. She may come to the meeting tomorrow, but I don't think that.
10 The trader said that he would be late for our order.
11 He tried to solve crossword problem, but he couldn't.
12 Students should go to school in time.
(2) Rewrite:-
1 We have to go to the shopping centre this week. (necessary)
2 I am sorry. I can't go on Tuesday. (afraid)
3 She will be with doctor at 7. (appointment)
4 The suit will be ready by 23rd April. (no later)
5 The blouse will be ready last. (after every thing else)
6 To be a successful doctor, you must check your patients carefully. (if)
7 I expect she will arrive this evening. (sure)
8 I have fewer pieces of information than Ali about internet. (information)
9 Ali's age is 14 years. (old)
10 Noha is 1m 50cm tall. ( 's )
مراجعة الضرورة و الالزام :-Necessity
(1) فى الوقت الحاضر نستخدم:- must + inf.
has / have + inf.
It's necessary to + inf.
(2) الضرورة فى الماضى :-
had to + inf.
It was necessary to + inf.
(3) الضرورة فى المستقبل :-
will have to + inf.
مراجعة المنع / التحريم :-Prohibition
mustn't + inf.
It isn't allowed to + inf.
It's forbidden to +inf.
مراجعة المبنى للمجهول فى كل الازمنه :-Passive
EXCERCISES:-
(1) Rewrite:-
1 You mustn't smoke in hospitals. (forbidden)
2 It's necessary for us to hurry. (must)
3 I think you must travel next week. (will have)
4 Don't drive fast. It's dangerous. (mustn't)
5 He has to attend his brother's birthday party at 7 today. (yesterday)
6 No one is allowed to enter this area. (you)
7 It's pupil's duty to study hard. (must)
8 It's not important for her to know many languages. (doesn't)
9 She mustn't leave her baby alone. (allowed)
10 I will start a new project. (be)
11 It is forbidden to park your car here. (mustn't)
12 The teacher is writing some new words. (are being)
13 They will need to buy a new house. (bought)
14 The government built a new hospital. (was)
15 She has done all the jobs. (been)
16 Is it necessary to come early? (Do I)
17 I don't feel it's important to go to Cairo myself. (have to)
18 It is necessary that every one prefects his work. (has to)
19 We don't need much energy for this bulb. (saves)
20 Do you have to go now? (Must)
21 Reclaiming desert land is expensive. (It is)
22 My dad need to mend his car. (My dad's car)
23 I have a lot of money. I will buy a car. (enough)
(2) Correct:-
1 Water was been pumped to the farms.
2 Thank you. I don't want no sweets.
3 I had to wrote the reports myself.
4 He enough worked for today.
5 The way from Cairo to Alex is too long.
6 On my road home, I met Hany.
7 Dad gave us electrical heater.
8 The electric is very important today.
9 The electric bulb is a great invitation.
10 Sally have to be quiet and polite.
11 The sign says" don't smoking "
12 She had to visit her aunt in hospital tomorrow.
